Although Israel has never been stronger and more secure, it today faces a severe external national security threat in the form of a one-state reality, which would perforce be either non-Jewish or non-democratic. However, the Israeli political system of recent years has failed to address this threat seriously. While the Israeli right continues to lead Israel toward a one-state reality that threatens to destroy the Zionist dream of a Jewish democracy, the left still believes that reaching peace is possible. However, the Palestinian parameters for agreement are clearly unacceptable to the vast majority of people in Israel, fall short of assuring sufficient security and demographic conditions, and fail to guarantee the end of the conflict. Thus, both of the traditional two paradigms are unrealistic, and the dichotomy between them is artificial.

As a professional, Zionist, non-partisan institute, INSS believes it is its duty to forge a new conceptual path toward a secure future for Israel and present it to the Israeli public and to decision makers. Since 2016, a team of INSS experts, together with a group of former senior Israeli officials, has worked to design a plan that would take the dominant paradigms on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict to a new stage. During our research we consulted with senior US administration officials, leaders of pragmatic Arab states, and diplomats and practitioners who engaged in previous negotiation efforts alongside our own team’s past negotiators.

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